Glossary

Anomaly detection is the process of finding data points that are outliers from the rest of a data set.

Apache Arrow a language-agnostic software framework for developing data analytics applications that process columnar data. It contains a standardized column-oriented memory format that is able to represent flat and hierarchical data for efficient analytic operations.

Apache Arrow Flight SQL provides a high performance SQL interface for working with databases over a network

DataFusion is an in-memory query planning, optimization, and execution framework. DataFusion was created in 2017 and donated to the Apache Arrow project in 2019.

Apache Parquet is an open source columnar data file format that supports different encoding and compression schemes to optimize it for efficient data storage and retrieval in bulk.

An Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model is a widely used time series forecasting technique.

CAP theorem is a computer science theory related to the tradeoffs involved with designing distributed databases.

In the context of databases cardinality is the number of unique sets of data stored in a database. Specifically, it refers to the total number of unique values possible within a table column or database equivalent.

Column databases are a type of DBMS that store data formatted in columns rather than rows and are optimized for analytics workloads.

A data warehouse is a data management system that supports business intelligence, such as data analysis. Data warehouses help you make more insightful decisions about your business.

Database-as-a-service (DBaaS) is a cloud computing service that provides access to a cloud database system without needing to set up, configure, or manage software or physical infrastructure.

Tracing is a method for understanding how interconnected components of a distributed system interact with each other.

Edge computing is a type of computing that happens near a data source. It allows you to perform computing tasks as close to an IoT device or end user as possible instead of using a data center or the cloud.

ETL stands for Extract, Transform, Load and is the process of moving and manipulating data from different sources before storing it in another database.

The Internet of Things refers to the network of interconnected "things" with sensors, software, processing ability, and other technologies that connect and exchange data with other internet-connected devices. IoT devices include smartphones, medical sensors, fitness trackers, smart security systems, and other technologies.

Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) is an approach to working with typically multidimensional data for analytics use cases.

OPC UA is a cross-platform standard for moving data between sensors and cloud applications.

Prometheus stores four metric types for monitoring needs: counters, gauges, histograms, and summaries.

Real User Monitoring(RUM) is the process of collecting user data to gain insights into your application's performance and how it is being used.

SCADA stands for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition. A SCADA system is usually a collection of both software and hardware components that allow supervision and control of industrial plants.

Seasonality is the presence of regular and predictable change in time series data.

Stationarity refers to a time series where the statistical properties of that series don’t depend on the time when observing it.

SQL is a domain specific language used in programming and designed for managing data held in a relational database management system.